Thursday, March 18, 2021

Viking hygiene

There are two famous medieval sources discussing viking hygiene.

First up is the Arab traveller Ibn Fadlan discussing the Rus, the vikings who established trade routes and settled in what today is modern Russia. I'm quoting here from Penguin's Ibn Fadlān and the Land of Darkness: Arab Travellers in the Far North:

They are the filthiest of God’s creatures. They do not clean themselves after urinating or defecating, nor do they wash after having sex. They do not wash their hands after meals. They are like wandering asses.

           .... 

Every day without fail they wash their faces and their heads with the dirtiest and filthiest water there could be. A young serving girl comes every morning with breakfast and with it a great basin of water. She proffers it to her master, who washes his hands and face in it, as well as his hair. He washes and disentangles his hair, using a comb, there in the basin, then he blows his nose and spits and does every filthy thing imaginable in the water. When he has finished, the servant carries the bowl to the man next to him. She goes on passing the basin round from one to another until she has taken it to all the men in the house in turn. And each of them blows his nose and spits and washes his face and hair in this basin. 

Elsewhere we have John of Wallingford recording how Danish men living in England were able to seduce English women because of their frequent grooming:

They were wont, after the fashion of their country, to comb their hair every day, to bathe every Saturday, to change their garments often, and set off their persons by many such frivolous devices. In this manner they laid siege to the virtue of the married women, and persuaded the daughters even of the nobles to be their concubines. 

I suppose the responsible takeaway from this is that standards of hygiene vary tremendously across a given people, but it's much funnier for me to imagine that the vikings were dirty and the anglo-saxons were even worse.

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